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Adds supervisor/deploy_stage.py: stage_deployment() creates a deployment row, git-worktree-checks-out the target commit into a fresh directory (--detach, never in-place git pull), copies the production DB to a one-time candidate copy, and Popens a real candidate backend process on a free port. Return value follows 04-P §4.6's state-machine table (status after the call is 'candidate_starting') rather than 03-C's one-line 'staged' summary -- 04-P's own trigger text ("c_deploy_supervisor_stage 完成" moves the row to candidate_starting) is the more detailed/authoritative source when the two disagree, same precedent used throughout this project. Found and closed two real gaps along the way: - deployment's own field list never included where a candidate's checkout directory lives -- added candidate_instance_dir to schema.py (also what the NEXT staging call's previous_instance_dir bootstraps from once a deployment reaches 'finalized'). - backend_server.py had no CLI entry point at all since U-007 -- create_server() was only ever instantiated in-process by tests. Added main() (argparse + serve_forever + SIGTERM->shutdown() from a separate thread, per http.server's own same-thread-deadlock warning). RealCandidateLaunchTest spawns and HTTP-probes a genuine `python3 -m src.backend_server` subprocess against a real git-worktree checkout of this repo (not mocked) -- caught a real ordering issue doing so: git worktree only sees committed content, so testing before this Unit's own commit landed would check out backend_server.py without main() at all. Fixed by using `git stash create` (builds a commit object from the current working tree without touching HEAD/index) as the commit-to-test-against, falling back to plain HEAD once the tree is clean post-commit. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
