youtube_analyzer.js
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/**
* YouTube 竞品分析器 - YouTube Competitor Analyzer
* 通过 YouTube Data API v3 实现竞品发现、筛选、分析和建议
* @version 1.0.0
*/
const https = require('https');
const { URL, URLSearchParams } = require('url');
// ============================================
// 配置
// ============================================
const CONFIG = {
apiBaseUrl: 'https://www.googleapis.com/youtube/v3',
maxQuotaPerDay: 10000,
defaultRegionCode: 'US',
maxResults: {
search: 50,
channels: 50,
videos: 50,
playlistItems: 50
},
filters: {
maxSizeRatio: 10, // 订阅数差异不超过10倍
minContentRelevance: 0.6, // 内容相似度>60%
maxInactiveDays: 90, // 90天内必须有更新
minCompetitors: 3, // 最少竞品数
maxCompetitors: 15 // 最多竞品数
}
};
// 配额消耗跟踪
let quotaUsage = {
search: 0,
channels: 0,
videos: 0,
playlistItems: 0,
total: 0
};
// ============================================
// API 请求封装
// ============================================
async function apiRequest(endpoint, params = {}) {
const apiKey = process.env.YOUTUBE_API_KEY;
if (!apiKey) {
throw new Error('YOUTUBE_API_KEY environment variable is required');
}
const url = new URL(`${CONFIG.apiBaseUrl}/${endpoint}`);
url.searchParams.append('key', apiKey);
Object.entries(params).forEach(([key, value]) => {
if (value !== undefined && value !== null) {
url.searchParams.append(key, value);
}
});
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
const req = https.get(url.toString(), {
headers: {
'Accept': 'application/json',
'User-Agent': 'YouTube-Analyzer/1.0'
}
}, (res) => {
let data = '';
res.on('data', chunk => data += chunk);
res.on('end', () => {
try {
const json = JSON.parse(data);
if (json.error) {
reject(new Error(`API Error: ${json.error.message}`));
} else {
resolve(json);
}
} catch (e) {
reject(new Error(`Parse Error: ${e.message}`));
}
});
});
req.on('error', reject);
req.setTimeout(30000, () => {
req.destroy();
reject(new Error('Request timeout'));
});
});
}
// 记录配额使用
function trackQuota(type) {
const costs = {
'search': 100,
'channels': 1,
'videos': 1,
'playlistItems': 1
};
quotaUsage[type] += costs[type] || 0;
quotaUsage.total += costs[type] || 0;
}
// ============================================
// 1. 竞品发现 (Discovery)
// ============================================
/**
* 通过关键词搜索频道
* @param {string[]} keywords - 关键词列表
* @param {number} maxResults - 最大结果数
* @returns {Promise<Array>} 候选频道列表
*/
async function discoverByKeywords(keywords, maxResults = 20) {
const allChannels = [];
const seenIds = new Set();
// 限制关键词数量以节省配额
const limitedKeywords = keywords.slice(0, 5);
for (const keyword of limitedKeywords) {
try {
trackQuota('search');
const response = await apiRequest('search', {
part: 'snippet',
type: 'channel',
q: keyword,
maxResults: Math.min(maxResults, CONFIG.maxResults.search),
relevanceLanguage: 'zh,en'
});
if (response.items) {
for (const item of response.items) {
if (!seenIds.has(item.id.channelId)) {
seenIds.add(item.id.channelId);
allChannels.push({
channelId: item.id.channelId,
title: item.snippet.title,
description: item.snippet.description,
publishedAt: item.snippet.publishedAt,
thumbnail: item.snippet.thumbnails?.medium?.url,
discoveryMethod: `keyword: ${keyword}`
});
}
}
}
} catch (error) {
console.warn(`Search failed for keyword "${keyword}": ${error.message}`);
}
}
return allChannels;
}
/**
* 通过 @handle 获取频道信息
* @param {string} handle - 频道 handle (@username)
* @returns {Promise<Object|null>} 频道信息
*/
async function discoverByHandle(handle) {
try {
trackQuota('search');
const cleanHandle = handle.replace(/^@/, '');
const response = await apiRequest('search', {
part: 'snippet',
type: 'channel',
q: `@${cleanHandle}`,
maxResults: 5
});
if (response.items && response.items.length > 0) {
const item = response.items[0];
return {
channelId: item.id.channelId,
title: item.snippet.title,
description: item.snippet.description,
publishedAt: item.snippet.publishedAt,
thumbnail: item.snippet.thumbnails?.medium?.url,
discoveryMethod: `handle: @${cleanHandle}`
};
}
return null;
} catch (error) {
console.warn(`Handle search failed for "${handle}": ${error.message}`);
return null;
}
}
/**
* 批量获取频道详情
* @param {string[]} channelIds - 频道ID数组
* @returns {Promise<Array>} 频道详细信息
*/
async function getChannelsDetails(channelIds) {
const results = [];
const batchSize = CONFIG.maxResults.channels;
for (let i = 0; i < channelIds.length; i += batchSize) {
const batch = channelIds.slice(i, i + batchSize);
try {
trackQuota('channels');
const response = await apiRequest('channels', {
part: 'snippet,statistics,contentDetails,brandingSettings',
id: batch.join(',')
});
if (response.items) {
results.push(...response.items);
}
} catch (error) {
console.warn(`Channels fetch failed for batch: ${error.message}`);
}
}
return results;
}
// ============================================
// 2. 竞品筛选 (Filtering)
// ============================================
/**
* 计算规模相似度
* @param {number} targetSubs - 目标频道订阅数
* @param {number} compSubs - 竞品订阅数
* @returns {number} 相似度分数 (0-1)
*/
function calculateSizeSimilarity(targetSubs, compSubs) {
if (targetSubs <= 0 || compSubs <= 0) return 0;
const logDiff = Math.abs(Math.log10(targetSubs + 1) - Math.log10(compSubs + 1));
return Math.max(0, 1 - logDiff / Math.log10(CONFIG.filters.maxSizeRatio));
}
/**
* 计算内容相似度(基于标题和描述关键词)
* @param {string} targetText - 目标频道文本
* @param {string} compText - 竞品文本
* @returns {number} 相似度分数 (0-1)
*/
function calculateContentRelevance(targetText, compText) {
if (!targetText || !compText) return 0;
const extractKeywords = (text) => {
const words = text.toLowerCase()
.replace(/[^\u4e00-\u9fa5a-z0-9\s]/g, ' ')
.split(/\s+/)
.filter(w => w.length >= 4 || /[\u4e00-\u9fa5]/.test(w));
return new Set(words);
};
const targetWords = extractKeywords(targetText);
const compWords = extractKeywords(compText);
if (targetWords.size === 0) return 0;
const intersection = new Set([...targetWords].filter(x => compWords.has(x)));
return intersection.size / Math.max(targetWords.size, compWords.size);
}
/**
* 检查频道活跃度
* @param {string} publishedAt - 最近视频发布时间
* @returns {boolean} 是否活跃
*/
function isChannelActive(publishedAt) {
if (!publishedAt) return false;
const lastUpload = new Date(publishedAt);
const daysSince = (Date.now() - lastUpload.getTime()) / (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24);
return daysSince <= CONFIG.filters.maxInactiveDays;
}
/**
* 筛选竞品
* @param {Array} candidates - 候选频道
* @param {Object} targetChannel - 目标频道
* @returns {Array} 筛选后的竞品列表
*/
function filterCompetitors(candidates, targetChannel) {
const targetSubs = parseInt(targetChannel.statistics?.subscriberCount || 0, 10);
const targetText = `${targetChannel.snippet?.title || ''} ${targetChannel.snippet?.description || ''}`;
const scored = candidates.map(channel => {
const compSubs = parseInt(channel.statistics?.subscriberCount || 0, 10);
const compText = `${channel.snippet?.title || ''} ${channel.snippet?.description || ''}`;
const sizeSimilarity = calculateSizeSimilarity(targetSubs, compSubs);
const relevanceScore = calculateContentRelevance(targetText, compText);
const isActive = isChannelActive(channel.statistics?.publishedAt);
// 综合评分
const overallScore = (sizeSimilarity * 0.3) + (relevanceScore * 0.7);
return {
...channel,
scores: {
sizeSimilarity,
relevanceScore,
overallScore,
isActive
}
};
});
// 筛选条件:内容相似度>60%,规模差异<10倍,近期活跃
const filtered = scored.filter(c =>
c.scores.relevanceScore >= CONFIG.filters.minContentRelevance &&
c.scores.sizeSimilarity > 0 &&
c.scores.isActive
);
// 按综合评分排序,取前15
return filtered
.sort((a, b) => b.scores.overallScore - a.scores.overallScore)
.slice(0, CONFIG.filters.maxCompetitors);
}
// ============================================
// 3. 深度分析
// ============================================
/**
* 获取频道上传列表
* @param {string} uploadsPlaylistId - 上传播放列表ID
* @param {number} maxResults - 最大结果数
* @returns {Promise<Array>} 视频列表
*/
async function getUploads(uploadsPlaylistId, maxResults = 20) {
try {
trackQuota('playlistItems');
const response = await apiRequest('playlistItems', {
part: 'snippet,contentDetails',
playlistId: uploadsPlaylistId,
maxResults: Math.min(maxResults, CONFIG.maxResults.playlistItems)
});
return response.items || [];
} catch (error) {
console.warn(`Uploads fetch failed: ${error.message}`);
return [];
}
}
/**
* 获取视频详情
* @param {string[]} videoIds - 视频ID数组
* @returns {Promise<Array>} 视频详情
*/
async function getVideosDetails(videoIds) {
const results = [];
const batchSize = CONFIG.maxResults.videos;
for (let i = 0; i < videoIds.length; i += batchSize) {
const batch = videoIds.slice(i, i + batchSize);
try {
trackQuota('videos');
const response = await apiRequest('videos', {
part: 'snippet,statistics,contentDetails',
id: batch.join(',')
});
if (response.items) {
results.push(...response.items);
}
} catch (error) {
console.warn(`Videos fetch failed: ${error.message}`);
}
}
return results;
}
/**
* 分析频道内容策略
* @param {Array} videos - 视频列表
* @returns {Object} 内容策略分析
*/
function analyzeContentStrategy(videos) {
if (!videos || videos.length === 0) {
return { frequency: 'N/A', avgDuration: 'N/A', uploadPattern: {} };
}
// 发布频率(近90天内的视频数)
const ninetyDaysAgo = Date.now() - (90 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);
const recentVideos = videos.filter(v =>
new Date(v.snippet?.publishedAt).getTime() > ninetyDaysAgo
);
const frequencyPerWeek = ((recentVideos.length / 90) * 7).toFixed(1);
// 视频时长分析
const durations = videos.map(v => {
const match = v.contentDetails?.duration?.match(/PT(?:(\d+)H)?(?:(\d+)M)?(?:(\d+)S)?/);
if (!match) return 0;
const hours = parseInt(match[1] || 0, 10);
const minutes = parseInt(match[2] || 0, 10);
const seconds = parseInt(match[3] || 0, 10);
return hours * 3600 + minutes * 60 + seconds;
}).filter(d => d > 0);
const avgDuration = durations.length > 0
? Math.round(durations.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0) / durations.length)
: 0;
// 发布时间分布
const uploadHours = videos.map(v =>
new Date(v.snippet?.publishedAt).getUTCHours()
);
const uploadPattern = uploadHours.reduce((acc, h) => {
acc[h] = (acc[h] || 0) + 1;
return acc;
}, {});
// 标题关键词提取
const allTitles = videos.map(v => v.snippet?.title || '').join(' ');
const keywords = extractTopKeywords(allTitles, 10);
return {
videoCount: videos.length,
recentCount: recentVideos.length,
frequency: `${frequencyPerWeek} 支/周`,
avgDuration: formatDuration(avgDuration),
avgDurationSeconds: avgDuration,
uploadPattern,
keywords
};
}
/**
* 格式化时长
* @param {number} seconds - 秒数
* @returns {string} 格式化字符串
*/
function formatDuration(seconds) {
if (seconds < 60) return `${seconds}秒`;
if (seconds < 3600) return `${Math.floor(seconds / 60)}分${seconds % 60}秒`;
return `${Math.floor(seconds / 3600)}时${Math.floor((seconds % 3600) / 60)}分`;
}
/**
* 提取高频关键词
* @param {string} text - 文本
* @param {number} topN - 前N个
* @returns {Array} 关键词列表
*/
function extractTopKeywords(text, topN = 10) {
const words = text.toLowerCase()
.replace(/[^\u4e00-\u9fa5a-z0-9\s]/g, ' ')
.split(/\s+/)
.filter(w => w.length >= 4 || /[\u4e00-\u9fa5]/.test(w));
const freq = {};
words.forEach(w => { freq[w] = (freq[w] || 0) + 1; });
return Object.entries(freq)
.sort((a, b) => b[1] - a[1])
.slice(0, topN)
.map(([word, count]) => ({ word, count }));
}
// ============================================
// 4. 报告生成
// ============================================
/**
* 生成竞品分析报告
* @param {Object} targetChannel - 目标频道
* @param {Array} competitors - 竞品列表
* @returns {string} Markdown 报告
*/
function generateReport(targetChannel, competitors) {
const targetStats = targetChannel.statistics || {};
const targetSnippet = targetChannel.snippet || {};
let report = `# YouTube 竞品分析报告\n\n`;
// 1. 执行摘要
report += `## 1. 执行摘要\n\n`;
report += `- **分析目标**: ${targetSnippet.title || 'Unknown'}\n`;
report += `- **竞品数量**: ${competitors.length} 个核心竞品\n`;
report += `- **数据时间**: ${new Date().toISOString().split('T')[0]}\n`;
report += `- **API 配额使用**: ${quotaUsage.total} / ${CONFIG.maxQuotaPerDay} units\n\n`;
// 2. 目标频道概览
report += `## 2. 目标频道概览\n\n`;
report += `| 指标 | 数值 |\n`;
report += `|------|------|\n`;
report += `| 频道名称 | ${targetSnippet.title || 'N/A'} |\n`;
report += `| 订阅数 | ${formatNumber(targetStats.subscriberCount)} |\n`;
report += `| 总观看 | ${formatNumber(targetStats.viewCount)} |\n`;
report += `| 视频数 | ${formatNumber(targetStats.videoCount)} |\n`;
report += `| 观看/视频 | ${calculateViewsPerVideo(targetStats)} |\n`;
report += `| 创建时间 | ${targetSnippet.publishedAt?.split('T')[0] || 'N/A'} |\n\n`;
// 3. 竞品概览表
report += `## 3. 竞品概览表\n\n`;
report += `| 频道 | 订阅数 | 视频数 | 总观看 | 观看/视频 | 相似度 | 综合评分 |\n`;
report += `|------|--------|--------|--------|-----------|--------|----------|\n`;
competitors.forEach(comp => {
const stats = comp.statistics || {};
const viewsPerVideo = calculateViewsPerVideo(stats);
report += `| ${comp.snippet?.title || 'Unknown'} | `;
report += `${formatNumber(stats.subscriberCount)} | `;
report += `${formatNumber(stats.videoCount)} | `;
report += `${formatNumber(stats.viewCount)} | `;
report += `${viewsPerVideo} | `;
report += `${(comp.scores?.relevanceScore * 100).toFixed(0)}% | `;
report += `${(comp.scores?.overallScore * 100).toFixed(1)} |\n`;
});
report += `\n`;
// 4. 核心竞品深度分析
report += `## 4. 核心竞品深度分析\n\n`;
competitors.slice(0, 5).forEach((comp, idx) => {
report += `### 4.${idx + 1} ${comp.snippet?.title || 'Unknown'}\n\n`;
report += `- **内容定位**: ${comp.snippet?.description?.substring(0, 100) || 'N/A'}...\n`;
report += `- **规模相似度**: ${(comp.scores?.sizeSimilarity * 100).toFixed(1)}%\n`;
report += `- **内容相关度**: ${(comp.scores?.relevanceScore * 100).toFixed(1)}%\n`;
report += `- **频道链接**: https://youtube.com/channel/${comp.id}\n\n`;
});
// 5. 竞争定位矩阵
report += `## 5. 竞争定位矩阵\n\n`;
report += `\`\`\`\n`;
report += `规模(x) vs 效率(y)\n`;
report += `高规模/高效率: ${competitors.filter(c => isHighScale(c) && isHighEfficiency(c)).map(c => c.snippet?.title).join(', ') || 'N/A'}\n`;
report += `高规模/低效率: ${competitors.filter(c => isHighScale(c) && !isHighEfficiency(c)).map(c => c.snippet?.title).join(', ') || 'N/A'}\n`;
report += `低规模/高效率: ${competitors.filter(c => !isHighScale(c) && isHighEfficiency(c)).map(c => c.snippet?.title).join(', ') || 'N/A'}\n`;
report += `低规模/低效率: ${competitors.filter(c => !isHighScale(c) && !isHighEfficiency(c)).map(c => c.snippet?.title).join(', ') || 'N/A'}\n`;
report += `\`\`\`\n\n`;
// 6. 内容缺口与机会
report += `## 6. 内容缺口与机会\n\n`;
const allKeywords = competitors.flatMap(c => c.contentStrategy?.keywords || []);
const keywordFreq = {};
allKeywords.forEach(k => { keywordFreq[k.word] = (keywordFreq[k.word] || 0) + k.count; });
const topKeywords = Object.entries(keywordFreq)
.sort((a, b) => b[1] - a[1])
.slice(0, 5);
report += `### 6.1 竞品高频主题\n\n`;
topKeywords.forEach(([word, count]) => {
report += `- **${word}**: 出现 ${count} 次\n`;
});
report += `\n`;
report += `### 6.2 潜在机会\n\n`;
report += `- 分析竞品的内容发布频率,寻找内容缺口\n`;
report += `- 关注竞品高播放但目标频道未覆盖的主题\n`;
report += `- 研究竞品的最佳发布时间窗口\n\n`;
// 7. 行动建议
report += `## 7. 行动建议\n\n`;
report += generateRecommendations(targetChannel, competitors);
// 输出协议
report += `\n---\n\n`;
report += `[RESULT: DONE] 竞品分析报告已生成,涵盖 ${competitors.length} 个核心竞品,API配额使用 ${quotaUsage.total}/${CONFIG.maxQuotaPerDay} units[/RESULT]\n`;
return report;
}
/**
* 生成行动建议
* @param {Object} target - 目标频道
* @param {Array} competitors - 竞品列表
* @returns {string} 建议文本
*/
function generateRecommendations(target, competitors) {
const targetStats = target.statistics || {};
const targetViewsPerVideo = parseFloat(calculateViewsPerVideo(targetStats));
const avgCompetitorViews = competitors.reduce((sum, c) => {
return sum + parseFloat(calculateViewsPerVideo(c.statistics || {}));
}, 0) / competitors.length;
let recommendations = '';
// 建议1: 观看效率对比
if (targetViewsPerVideo < avgCompetitorViews) {
recommendations += `1. **提升内容吸引力**: 当前观看/视频 (${targetViewsPerVideo.toFixed(0)}) 低于竞品平均 (${avgCompetitorViews.toFixed(0)})。建议优化标题、缩略图,并研究竞品的爆款内容选题。\n\n`;
} else {
recommendations += `1. **保持优势**: 观看/视频效率优于竞品,继续当前的创作方向。\n\n`;
}
// 建议2: 发布频率
const activeCompetitors = competitors.filter(c => c.contentStrategy?.frequency !== 'N/A');
if (activeCompetitors.length > 0) {
const avgFrequency = activeCompetitors.reduce((sum, c) => {
const match = c.contentStrategy.frequency.match(/([\d.]+)/);
return sum + (match ? parseFloat(match[1]) : 0);
}, 0) / activeCompetitors.length;
recommendations += `2. **优化发布频率**: 竞品平均发布频率为 ${avgFrequency.toFixed(1)} 支/周。建议根据自身产能,制定稳定的内容日历。\n\n`;
}
// 建议3: 内容差异化
recommendations += `3. **内容差异化**: 识别出 ${competitors.length} 个直接竞品,建议通过分析他们的评论区找到受众痛点,制作差异化内容。\n\n`;
return recommendations;
}
// 辅助函数
function formatNumber(num) {
if (!num) return 'N/A';
const n = parseInt(num, 10);
if (n >= 1000000) return (n / 1000000).toFixed(1) + 'M';
if (n >= 1000) return (n / 1000).toFixed(1) + 'K';
return n.toString();
}
function calculateViewsPerVideo(stats) {
const views = parseInt(stats.viewCount || 0, 10);
const videos = parseInt(stats.videoCount || 1, 10);
return (views / Math.max(videos, 1)).toFixed(0);
}
function isHighScale(channel) {
const subs = parseInt(channel.statistics?.subscriberCount || 0, 10);
return subs >= 100000; // 10万+ 算高规模
}
function isHighEfficiency(channel) {
const vpv = parseFloat(calculateViewsPerVideo(channel.statistics || {}));
return vpv >= 10000; // 观看/视频 1万+ 算高效率
}
// ============================================
// 主入口函数
// ============================================
/**
* 执行完整的竞品分析流程
* @param {Object} options - 配置选项
* @returns {Promise<string>} 分析报告
*/
async function analyzeCompetitors(options = {}) {
const {
targetChannelId,
keywords = [],
maxCompetitors = CONFIG.filters.maxCompetitors
} = options;
try {
console.log('🚀 开始 YouTube 竞品分析...\n');
// 1. 获取目标频道信息
console.log('📊 Step 1: 获取目标频道信息...');
let targetChannel;
if (targetChannelId) {
const details = await getChannelsDetails([targetChannelId]);
if (details.length === 0) {
throw new Error(`无法找到目标频道: ${targetChannelId}`);
}
targetChannel = details[0];
} else {
// 如果没有指定目标,使用第一个关键词搜索结果作为示例
throw new Error('请提供 targetChannelId 参数');
}
console.log(` ✓ 目标频道: ${targetChannel.snippet?.title}\n`);
// 2. 竞品发现
console.log('🔍 Step 2: 竞品发现...');
const searchKeywords = keywords.length > 0
? keywords
: extractTopKeywords(targetChannel.snippet?.description || '', 5).map(k => k.word);
const candidates = await discoverByKeywords(searchKeywords, 30);
console.log(` ✓ 发现 ${candidates.length} 个候选频道\n`);
// 3. 获取详细信息
console.log('📈 Step 3: 获取频道详情...');
const channelIds = candidates.map(c => c.channelId);
const detailedChannels = await getChannelsDetails(channelIds);
console.log(` ✓ 获取 ${detailedChannels.length} 个频道详情\n`);
// 4. 筛选竞品
console.log('🎯 Step 4: 筛选核心竞品...');
const competitors = filterCompetitors(detailedChannels, targetChannel);
console.log(` ✓ 筛选出 ${competitors.length} 个核心竞品\n`);
// 5. 深度分析(获取最近视频)
console.log('🔬 Step 5: 深度分析...');
for (const comp of competitors.slice(0, 5)) {
const uploadsPlaylistId = comp.contentDetails?.relatedPlaylists?.uploads;
if (uploadsPlaylistId) {
const uploads = await getUploads(uploadsPlaylistId, 20);
const videoIds = uploads.map(u => u.contentDetails?.videoId).filter(Boolean);
if (videoIds.length > 0) {
const videos = await getVideosDetails(videoIds.slice(0, 10));
comp.contentStrategy = analyzeContentStrategy(videos);
}
}
}
console.log(' ✓ 完成深度分析\n');
// 6. 生成报告
console.log('📝 Step 6: 生成分析报告...');
const report = generateReport(targetChannel, competitors);
console.log(` ✓ 报告生成完成\n`);
console.log(`📊 API 配额使用: ${quotaUsage.total} / ${CONFIG.maxQuotaPerDay} units`);
console.log('✅ 竞品分析完成!\n');
return report;
} catch (error) {
console.error('❌ 分析失败:', error.message);
throw error;
}
}
// ============================================
// CLI 入口
// ============================================
async function main() {
const args = process.argv.slice(2);
const options = {
targetChannelId: args[0] || process.env.TARGET_CHANNEL_ID,
keywords: args[1] ? args[1].split(',') : []
};
if (!options.targetChannelId) {
console.error('用法: node youtube_analyzer.js <channelId> [keywords]');
console.error('或设置 TARGET_CHANNEL_ID 环境变量');
process.exit(1);
}
try {
const report = await analyzeCompetitors(options);
console.log(report);
} catch (error) {
console.error('错误:', error.message);
process.exit(1);
}
}
if (require.main === module) {
main();
}
// 导出模块
module.exports = {
analyzeCompetitors,
discoverByKeywords,
discoverByHandle,
getChannelsDetails,
filterCompetitors,
analyzeContentStrategy,
generateReport,
CONFIG
};